Professor Dorothy Garrod (1892-1968), British archaeologist. Garrod grew up in a medical family in London, and was educated at home until she went up to Newnham College, Cambridge in 1913. She studied archaeology, and was the first woman to research the palaeolithic (early stone age) and early man. Between the First and Second World Wars she worked on excavations in the Near East, most notably at the Mount Carmel caves in Palestine. Here she excavated the first neanderthal (Homo neanderthalensis) skeleton to be found outside Europe. In 1939 Garrod was elected as Disney Professor of Archaeology at Cambridge, the first female professor in any field at that university.