Biorock reef restoration. Coral fragment cemented to a Biorock reef restoration structure. The Biorock process was developed by Thomas Goreau and Wolf Hilbertz in the 1970's. Electricity is used to promote the deposition of calcium carbonate, which builds up on the surface of the structure giving hard corals a base to bond to. The process is thought to accelerate coral growth by up to four times. However, it has been suggested that simple wire meshes are just as effective. Photographed off Gili Trawangan, Lombok, Indonesia.