Spencer Compton Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire (1833-1908) English Liberal satesman. During most of his political career, from 1858 until 1891 when he inherited the dukedom, he was known by the courtesy title of Marquess of Hartington. He held various government offices and was twice invited by Queen Victoria to become Prime Minister, but refused. Cartoon by Edward Linley Sambourne in the Punch's Fancy Portraits series from Punch (London, 2 October 1880).