The English geographer and anthropologist Sir Francis Galton (1822-1911). Galton obtained his medical degree in 1844. In 1850 as a member of the Royal Geographical Society in London Galton led a two year expedition to an uncharted region of Africa which brought him wide recognition in scientific circles. In 1863 he published the book Meteorographica in which Galton founded the modern technique of weather mapping. He was also interested in anthropology and introduced the use of statistical methods, devising a technique for calculating the correlation coefficient between two samples of data.