Intestinal ulcers. Gross specimen showing two ulcers (oval) in the wall of the ileum, the last part of the small intestine. These ulcers have been caused by the disease typhoid, an infection of the digestive system caused by the bacteria Salmonella typhi. It is transmitted through infected food and water. Symptoms include a high fever, diarrhoea and a rash. Severe infections cause the formation of ulcers, which can lead to haemorrhaging and perforation of the intestinal wall. Treatment is with antibiotics.