European cotton imports. Series of three maps showing relative changes in the amount of cotton imported into Europe in the years 1858, 1864 and 1865. The text is in French. The figures (top left) are for trade between the United States (blue), the Orient (India and China, orange), Egypt and Syria (brown), Brazil and the West Indies (grey), and the UK (pink). The maps show the massive swing from imports from the USA to imports from the Orient. This was caused by the US Civil War, as well as improved production in the Orient. The statistics and maps (published in Paris in 1866) are by French civil engineer Charles Joseph Minard (1781-1870).