An archbishop (from a drawing in the British Museum) - Royal M.S.2.A.XXII (dated the end of the 12th century) - The Pontifical dress of an archbishop is exhibited in this plate, taken from a MS of the latter end of the 12th century. Above his ankles we see the lower part of the long garment which was called the albe (alba). Over this is the tunic (tunica), fringed at the extremity. Then the dalmatic, richly ornamented, descending to the knees. Above all, is the chasuble (casula), thrown over the body and raised on the arms like a mantle, with a standing collar. Hanging on the left arm is the maniple, fringed at the end. The stole, stola, which hung from the shoulders, and descended nearly to the feet over the albe is not seen in this effigy. On the hands are the episcopal gloves; but the ring, which was properly placed on the middle, appears here on the second finger. He wears boots, caligae, highly embroidered, which reached to the knees. Behind the mitre we perceive distinctly the two vittoe or influoe, hanging down one on each side. The two marks which generally distinguish the archbishop from the bishop, are the pall (pallium), or narrow label running round the shoulders and hanging down before and behind, made of white wool, spotted with purple crosses; and the crosier, or staff headed with a cross, which he held instead of the hooked pastoral staff of the inferior prelate.