Mohamed Siad Barre (October 6; 1919 - January 2; 1995) was the President of the Somali Democratic Republic from 1969-91.

The Barre-led military junta that came to power after a coup d'etat in 1969 said it would adapt scientific socialism to the needs of Somalia. It drew heavily from the traditions of China. Volunteer labour harvested and planted crops; and built roads; hospitals and universities. Almost all industry; banks and businesses were nationalised; and cooperative farms were promoted.

After 21 years of military rule; Barre's Supreme Revolutionary Council was eventually forced from power in the early 1990s by a coalition of armed opposition groups. He died in political exile in 1995; but was returned to Somalia for burial in his home region.