The Battle of Peleliu was fought between the United States and the Empire of Japan in the Pacific Theater of World War II; from September to November 1944 on the island of Peleliu (in present-day Palau). U.S. Marines of the First Marine Division; and later soldiers of the U.S. Army's 81st Infantry Division; fought to capture an airstrip on the small coral island.

This battle was part of a larger offensive campaign known as Operation Forager; which ran from June to November 1944 in the Pacific Theater of Operations.