'The School of Athens'; or Scuola di Atene in Italian; is one of the most famous frescoes by the Italian Renaissance artist Raphael. It was painted between 1509 and 1511 as a part of Raphael's commission to decorate with frescoes the rooms now known as the Stanze di Raffaello; in the Apostolic Palace in the Vatican.

The Stanza della Segnatura was the first of the rooms to be decorated; and 'The School of Athens' the second painting to be finished there; after 'La Disputa'; on the opposite wall. The picture has long been seen as Raphael's masterpiece and the perfect embodiment of the classical spirit of the High Renaissance.