Color enhanced scanning electron micrograph of cobalt-doped lithium ion phosphate (Co-doped LiFePO4) nanowires produced using electrospinning method with a subsequent heat treatment. Lithium ion phosphate is one of the most promising cathode materials for lithium ion batteries. Electric vehicles equipped with LiFePO4 based batteries have already been commercialized. A nanowire is a nanostructure, with the diameter of the order of a nanometer. It can also be defined as the ratio of the length to width being greater than 1000. Alternatively, nanowires can be defined as structures that have a thickness or diameter constrained to tens of nanometers or less and an unconstrained length. Nanotechnology (nanotech) is the manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale.