In 1901, George, Prince of Wales (later King George V) and his wife Mary toured the British Empire. The tour (which included a stop in Australia) was designed by Colonial Secretary Joseph Chamberlain with the support of Prime Minister Lord Salisbury to reward the dominions for their participation in the South African War of 1899?1902. In Australia, the Duke opened the first session of the Australian Parliament (on 9th May 1901) upon the creation of the Commonwealth of Australia.