Japan: 'Portrait of Tokugawa Iemochi'. Oil on canvas painting by Kawamura Kiyoo (1852-1934), 1884. Tokugawa Iemochi (July 17, 1846-August 29, 1866) was the 14th shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan, who held office 1858 to 1866. During his reign there was much internal turmoil as a result of Japan's first major contact with the United States, which occurred under Commodore Perry in 1853 and 1854, and of the subsequent 're-opening' of Japan to western nations. Iemochi's reign also saw a weakening of the shogunate. Kawamura Kiyoo (1852-1934) was a Japanese painter from Edo. He became a follower of the yoga (Western-style) of painting, and journeyed for a time through France and Italy. He aided in the formation of the Meiji Bijutsukai in 1889, the first art association in Japan championing western-style painting.