Intestinal ulcer, illustration. Multiple tuberculous ulcers of the ileum and at the commencement of the ascending colon. They show elevated red margins with tubercles and yellowish-white nodules are found in the central parts of the ulcers. The appendix shows tubercles representing tuberculous ulcers in the interior of the appendix. The cause is commonly a result of ingestion of the bacterium M. tuberculosis in food or swallowing infectious sputum. Intestinal tuberculosis is accompanied by fistulas, obstruction, abscess and perforation. Treatment is with antituberculosis medication. From Bollinger, O. 1901 Atlas und Gundriss der Pathologischen Anatomie, vol 1. Lehmann, Munich.